BASSAI DAI

   Bassai (pronounced Patsai in Okinawan) is most often translated as "To Penetrate a Fortress," meaning that one must exhibit the power and spirit required to break through an enemy's castle. This is particularly evident in the kata's first movement, when the karateka launches forward with soete-uchi-uke. The word Dai means "big," describing the kata's larger movements, contrary to its counterpart Bassai Sho. Bassai, Kanku, and Gojushiho are the three Shotokan kata that each have two versions, a Sho version (small) and a Dai version (big). Most translators agree that Bassai can more accurately be translated as "To Extract From a Fortress." Bassai Dai is believed to have been created by Sokon Matsumura. Much of the bunkai focus on breaking the opponent's balance and defenses against grabbing attacks. Like many Shotokan kata, Bassai Dai is praticed in many styles of karate, having several variations. The JKA version has 42 movements.
   Bassai Dai is usually the first Sentei kata to be learned and is the most popular choice as tokui kata by 1st kyu examinees for black belt. It is charaterized by many switching arm blocking combinations, making effective use of the hanmi/gyaku-hanmi positions. Performance of gyaku-hanmi in Bassai Dai is substantially more difficult than in H2 because in Bassai, the front stance should not be shortened to accommodate gyaku-hanmi. Many  techniques are seen for the first time in this kata such as tate-shuto-uke, sukui-uke, and hasami-uchi. The ryosho-tsukami-uke & gedan-sokuto-kekomi combination is unique to Bassai kata (both versions), while the powerful yama-zuki can ony be found in Bassai Dai and Wankan. It is interesting to note that one of the most basic blocking techniques, chudan-soto-uke, is first used in this kata, and then never seen again.
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Technique
Translation
Stance
Target
Notes
1
soete-uchi-uke
(bassai-uke)
added hand inside block
kosa-dachi
chudan

2
uchi-uke

inside block
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan

3
uchi-uke

inside block
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan
gyaku-hanmi
4
soto-uke

outside block
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan
gyaku-hanmi
5
uchi-uke

inside block
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan

6
sukui-uke &
soto-uke
scooping block &
outside block
zenkutsu-dachi
gedan
chudan
sukui natural speed
7
uchi-uke

inside block
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan
gyaku-hanmi
8
ryoken-koshi-kamae

both fists hip posture
hachiji-dachi
--
natural speed
9
tate-shuto-uke

vertical knife-hand block
hachiji-dachi
chudan
slow speed
10
tsuki (choku-zuki)

punch (straight punch)
hachiji-dachi
chudan

11
uchi-uke

inside block
hizakutsu
chudan

12
tsuki (choku-zuki)

punch (straight punch)
hachiji-dachi
chudan

13
uchi-uke

inside block
hizakutsu
chudan

14
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

15
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

16
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

17
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

18
ryosho-tsukami-uke
(bassai-uke)
both palms grasping block
ashi-zenkutsu
chudan
slow speed
gyaku-hanmi
19*
sokuto-kekomi /
ryosho-tsukamiyose
sword-foot thrust kick /
both palms grasping-pulling
ashi-dachi
gedan
--

20
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

21
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

22
morote-age-uke

double-hand rising block
heisoku-dachi
jodan
natural speed
23
ryo-kentsui-hasami-uchi
both hammer-fists scissors strike
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan

24
tsuki

punch
zenkutsu-dachi
chudan
yori-ashi
25
soto-nagashi-uke /
shuto-uchikomi &
gedan-uke /
uchi-uke (manji-uke)
outside flowing block /
sword-hand thrusting strike &
down block /
inside block (swirling block)
ashi-zenkutsu
ashi-zenkutsu heisoku-dachi
heisoku-dachi
jodan
gedan
gedan
jodan
manji-uke slow speed
26
gedan-barai /
fumikomi
down block /
stomp kick
kiba-dachi
gedan

27
kake-uke

hooking block
kiba-dachi
chudan
slow speed
haishu variation
28
mikazuki-geri &
mae-empi-uchi
crescent kick &
front elbow strike
ashi-dachi
kiba-dachi
chudan
--

29
gedan-uke /
zenwan-mune-kamae
down block /
forearm chest posture
kiba-dachi
gedan
chudan

30
gedan-uke /
zenwan-mune-kamae
down block /
forearm chest posture
kiba-dachi
gedan
chudan

31
gedan-uke /
zenwan-mune-kamae
down block /
forearm chest posture
kiba-dachi
gedan
chudan

32
ryoken-koshi-kamae

both fists hip posture
ashi-zenkutsu
--

33
yama-zuki

mountain punch
ashi-zenkutsu
jodan
gedan

34
ryoken-koshi-kamae

both fists hip posture
heisoku-dachi
--
slow speed
35
yama-zuki
mountain punch
ashi-zenkutsu
jodan
gedan

36
ryoken-koshi-kamae

both fists hip posture
heisoku-dachi
--
slow speed
37
yama-zuki
mountain punch
ashi-zenkutsu
jodan
gedan

38
sukui-uke

scooping block
hizakutsu
gedan

39
sukui-uke

scooping block
hizakutsu
gedan

40
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan

41
jotai-sonomama

upper body as is
kokutsu-dachi
(gyaku-kokutsu)
chudan
slow speed
42*
shuto-uke

knife-hand block
kokutsu-dachi
chudan